Public debate about immigrant integration has often led to a heightened awareness or even a collective redefinition of identity. Spain provides a unique example of these processes for two reasons: its recent shift from high emigration to having one of the highest immigration rates in the EU, and its highly visible public dialogues on national identity. This book analyses the construction and reconstruction of national identities in current political discourse on immigration and integration at the level of both the central State and the Autonomous Community of Catalonia.